Written By Paula Pant
Once upon a time, in southern California in 1994, there lived a man named William Bengen.⠀
His friends called him Bill.
Bill was a Brooklyn kid who studied aeronautics at MIT. He wrote a breakthrough paper on advanced model rocketry. He spent 17 years as an executive at a soft drink company. […]
By Paula Pant
Bill Bengen, the former rocket scientist who discovered the “4 percent rule” of retirement planning, joins us at the Bogleheads conference in Minnesota.
Bengen clarifies that calling it a “rule” is misleading since it doesn’t fit everyone’s situation. The 4 percent figure came from studying the worst-case scenario since 1926, when someone who retired in 1968 could only safely withdraw 4.2 percent annually. Out of 400+ retirees in his database, that was the only one who had such a low safe withdrawal rate — most could take out much more.
Recent research has pushed the “safe” withdrawal rate closer to 5 percent. But Bengen identifies eight key factors that affect how much you can withdraw, including how long you’ll be retired and whether you’re drawing from taxable or tax-deferred accounts.
For early retirees planning for 50-60 years, Bengen says the safe withdrawal rate asymptotically approaches 4.2 percent — meaning even with an infinite time horizon, it won’t drop below that. He thinks the common advice to use 3 percent for early retirement is unnecessarily conservative.
Bengen shares what he calls the “four free lunches” in retirement planning:
1. Using an equity glide path (reducing stocks at retirement, then increasing later)
2. Diversification across asset classes
3. Regular portfolio rebalancing
4. Slightly overweighting higher-returning assets like small-cap stocks
When it comes to market drops versus inflation, Bengen has clear advice: Don’t panic during bear markets — they typically recover. But if you hit extended high inflation early in retirement, it’s time to “head for the bunkers” and cut expenses drastically.
Beyond finance, Bengen shares his excitement about space exploration as a former rocket scientist who graduated from MIT just months before the moon landing. He hopes to live long enough to see humans reach Mars and believes space tourism helps people appreciate Earth’s beauty and fragility.
The interview ends with a light-hearted discussion about whether Pluto should still be considered a planet (Bengen still calls it one, out of habit) and speculation about future tourism to Saturn’s moon Titan once the sun’s expansion makes it warmer in a few hundred million years.
Written By Paula Pant
You’ve spent decades being the responsible one. The disciplined saver. The person who maxes out their 401k, lives below their means, and actually understands what “tax-loss harvesting” means.
Then your financial planner looks you in the eye and says: “You’re not going to be able to spend what I think you can spend […]
By Paula Pant
An anonymous caller, whom we name “Samantha,” and her husband are financially strained and feeling torn. Shortly after purchasing two rental properties, their income dropped dramatically. Should they sell?
Tina is a full-time environmentalist. She’s worried that her index funds don’t align with her values on sustainability. Is there a world where she can be a savvy investor and fight climate change?
Another anonymous caller, whom we name “Sarah,” is excited and uncertain about her growing business. Should she hold steady or invest more resources into it? And how does she know if she’s making the right call?
Former financial planner Joe Saul-Sehy and I tackle these three questions in today’s episode.
Enjoy!
By Paula Pant
What happens when you spend three decades talking to retirement experts? You learn that most of what people think they know about retirement planning is oversimplified or wrong.
Christine Benz, director of personal finance and retirement planning at Morningstar, joins us on the Afford Anything podcast to share what she’s discovered after 31 years of […]
By Paula Pant
Imagine saving nearly your entire paycheck while your rental properties cover your bills. That’s exactly where real estate investor Andrew finds himself — and yet he’s at a crossroads.
At FinCon, a personal finance conference, former financial advisor Joe Saul-Sehy and I sit down with Andrew and another attendee who bring their money dilemmas live on stage.
Andrew’s question seems simple at first: should he sell his index funds to pay off his rental mortgages? But the real story runs deeper.
He feels called to entrepreneurship and wants to quit his corporate job to pursue it full-time. He could achieve minimal financial independence (lean-FIRE) if he pays off the properties, but that might limit his options.
Next, Chris, a Gen X dad, opens up about his Gen Z kids’ gloomy money outlook. His 22 and 24-year-old children, especially his daughter, believe their generation “will never retire.” They see high inflation, expensive housing, and low wages as insurmountable obstacles.
This sparks a deeper conversation about generational perspectives. We note that similar fears existed 15 years ago when millennials entered the workforce during the Great Recession. Joe shares how he helped his own kids develop healthier money mindsets by introducing them to financial voices they could relate to, like Broke Millennial author Erin Lowry.
The discussion evolves into how today’s young people actually have more opportunities than previous generations — they can work remotely, start online businesses with minimal capital, and create multiple income streams through platforms that didn’t exist before. Chris’s daughter, for instance, sometimes makes $35/hour driving for DoorDash during peak times.
We wrap up by talking about the importance of focusing on what you can control and finding purpose beyond just retirement planning. As Andrew points out, it might be worse to spend the best years of your life doing work you don’t care about than to face uncertainty in retirement. The key is taking action on the things within your control while building toward long-term security.
Throughout the conversation, both guests share personal stories that illuminate their situations – from Andrew’s experience at an oil refinery that pushed him toward entrepreneurship to Chris’s daughter storing cash for taxes from her DoorDash earnings, showing she’s more financially aware than she might think.
By Paula Pant
An anonymous caller was raised to work hard, live below his means, and save. He feels undeserving of his recent $1,000,000 inheritance and struggles to spend it. What should he do?
Jack bought a house with a seven-year adjustable-rate mortgage. He’s confused about when and how he should refinance out of it. What should he do?
Jack is also wondering how to do the breakeven calculation between contributing to a Traditional IRA with upfront income tax savings versus a Roth IRA with deferred savings on investment gains.
Former financial planner Joe Saul-Sehy and I tackle these three questions in today’s episode.
Enjoy!
Written By Paula Pant
Hey there!
As I write this, the Federal Reserve is meeting.
By the time you read this, they may have already announced what many analysts expect will be their second rate cut of 2024 – a quarter percentage point interest rate reduction.
At the time I’m sending this, they haven’t made […]
Written By Paula Pant
Our Afford Anything community recently lost a treasured member. Jonathan was a real estate agent, a devoted husband and father, and one of our most active and helpful students in our Your First Rental Property course community.
Jonathan was known for his generous spirit. He enriched our community with his enthusiasm, responsiveness, and willingness to […]
By Paula Pant
Brandon Ganch (known online as MadFientist) joins us from Scotland to share how his life has transformed since retiring in 2016 at age 34.
“I thought retirement was an age, not a function,” he said. “And when I realized it was just a math function, it changed my entire life.”
Eight years into retirement, Brandon talks about how his spending and lifestyle have evolved. While his investment portfolio has grown “exponentially,” he’s had to push himself to spend more money. He and his wife have doubled their spending in the last three years, yet still haven’t reached the 4 percent withdrawal rate that’s common in early retirement.
Having two young kids (a two-year-old son and one-month-old daughter) has changed their spending patterns. Restaurant bills and craft beer costs have dropped significantly, while they’ve invested in a house — their third, but the first one Brandon says he actually enjoys owning since he’s no longer “hyper-frugal.”
Brandon shares his few regrets from his journey to financial independence, mainly missing friends’ bachelor parties in his twenties because he didn’t want to pay for two transatlantic flights in one month. The book “Die with Zero” has shifted his perspective on spending, making him realize there are “seasons in life” for certain experiences.
Brandon suggests trying to live your “post-FI life” before actually reaching financial independence. By traveling for three months straight, he learned that constant travel wasn’t actually what he wanted.
He emphasizes that financial independence isn’t just about early retirement — it’s about having choices and power in your career.
You can find Brandon at madfientist.com or listen to his music at madfientist.com/album.
